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Human Body

Anatomy essentials

59 cards~10 minReferences included

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5 chapters · 59 cards
  1. 01
    Circulation and breathing20 cards · ~3 min
  2. 02
    Digestion and metabolism10 cards · ~2 min
  3. 03
    Brain and senses9 cards · ~2 min
  4. 04
    Bones, muscles and protection14 cards · ~2 min
  5. 05
    Human Body: core ideas and connections6 cards · ~1 min

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01
Prompt: Organ that pumps blood
ScienceA little curiosity
Body system · RECALLOrgan that pumps bloodThink it. Then flip it.
02
Prompt: Paired organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathing
ScienceA little curiosity
Body system · RECALLPaired organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathingThink it. Then flip it.
03
Prompt: Paired organs that filter blood and produce urine
ScienceA little curiosity
Body system · RECALLPaired organs that filter blood and produce urineThink it. Then flip it.

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  1. 01Organ that pumps bloodRECALL
    Heart

    A muscular organ with four chambers

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  2. 02Paired organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathingRECALL
    Lungs

    Gas exchange occurs in tiny air sacs called alveoli

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  3. 03Paired organs that filter blood and produce urineRECALL
    Kidneys

    Most people have two kidneys

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  4. 04Number of chambers in the human heartRECALL
    4

    Two atria and two ventricles

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  5. 05Cells that carry oxygenRECALL
    Red blood cells

    They contain the protein haemoglobin

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  6. 06Primary muscle used for breathingRECALL
  7. 07Muscle separating chest and abdomenRECALL
    Diaphragm

    The main muscle of breathing

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  8. 08Blood component responsible for clottingRECALL
    Platelets

    Also called thrombocytes

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  9. 09This blood cells carry oxygen.RECALL
    Red blood cells

    They contain hemoglobin

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  10. 10This blood cells help defend against infection.RECALL
    White blood cells

    Part of the immune system

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  11. 11Platelets help blood perform this action to seal a damaged vessel.RECALL
    Clot

    They gather at damaged vessels

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  12. 12This protein carries oxygen in red blood cells.RECALL
  13. 13This artery carries blood away from the heart to the body.RECALL
    Aorta

    The body's largest artery

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  14. 14This major veins return blood to the heart.RECALL
    Venae cavae

    Superior and inferior vena cava

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  15. 15This heart chamber pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body.RECALL
    Left ventricle

    Its wall is thick and muscular

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  16. 16This heart chamber receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.RECALL
    Left atrium

    It empties into the left ventricle

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  17. 17This organ filters waste from the blood.RECALL
    Kidney

    The kidneys make urine

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  18. 18This brain region controls breathing and heart rate.RECALL
    Medulla oblongata

    Part of the brainstem

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  19. 19This blood type is commonly called the universal red-cell donor.RECALL
    O negative

    O negative is the conventional universal red-cell donor type. Plasma compatibility follows different rules, and clinical transfusions…

    Share this card ↗Source: American Red Cross: blood types
  20. 20This blood type is commonly called the universal red-cell recipient.RECALL
    AB positive

    AB positive is the conventional universal red-cell recipient type under ABO and RhD grouping. This does not mean every blood component or…

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  21. 21Organ that produces insulinRECALL
    Pancreas

    It also produces digestive enzymes

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  22. 22Organ that stores bileRECALL
    Gallbladder

    Bile is produced by the liver

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  23. 23Largest solid internal organ in a typical adult humanRECALL
    Liver

    It performs hundreds of metabolic functions

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  24. 24Tube connecting mouth to stomachRECALL
    Esophagus

    Muscular contractions move food downward

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  25. 25Organ where most nutrients are absorbedRECALL
    Small intestine

    Its lining has villi

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  26. 26This organ produces bile.RECALL
    Liver

    Bile helps digest fats

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  27. 27This organ releases digestive enzymes into the small intestine.RECALL
    Pancreas

    It also produces insulin

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  28. 28Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption take place in this intestinal organ.RECALL
    Small intestine

    Its villi increase surface area

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  29. 29This enzyme in saliva begins breaking down starch.RECALL
    Amylase

    Salivary glands release it

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  30. 30This muscular tube carries swallowed food from the throat to the stomach.RECALL
    Esophagus

    Peristalsis moves the food

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  31. 31Part of the brain responsible for balanceRECALL
    Cerebellum

    It coordinates movement and posture

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  32. 32Bony structure protecting the brainRECALL
    Skull

    The cranium surrounds the brain

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  33. 33Part of the eye controlling light entryRECALL
    Iris

    It changes the size of the pupil

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  34. 34Basic unit of the nervous systemRECALL
    Neuron

    Neurons transmit electrical and chemical signals

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  35. 35Largest part of the human brainRECALL
    Cerebrum

    Supports thought, memory and voluntary movement

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  36. 36Joint connecting upper arm and forearmRECALL
    Elbow

    A hinge-type synovial joint

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  37. 37This brain region coordinates movement and balance.RECALL
    Cerebellum

    It fine-tunes motor control

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  38. 38These electrical messages travel through the spinal cord between the brain and the body.RECALL
    Nerve signals

    It links the brain and peripheral nerves

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  39. 39These protective membranes surround the brain and spinal cord.RECALL
    Meninges

    They form three protective layers

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  40. 40Largest organ of the human bodyRECALL
    Skin

    It protects the body and regulates temperature

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  41. 41Longest bone in the bodyRECALL
  42. 42Smallest bone in the bodyRECALL
    Stapes

    Located in the middle ear

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  43. 43Structure connecting muscle to boneRECALL
    Tendon

    Ligaments connect bone to bone

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  44. 44Complete adult dentition, including all four wisdom teeth · number of teethRECALL
    32

    People can have fewer because wisdom teeth never develop, remain unerupted, or are removed. Thirty-two describes the complete permanent set.

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  45. 45Number of bones in a typical adultRECALL
    206

    Infants have more bones that later fuse

    Share this card ↗Source: Human skeleton
  46. 46This middle-ear stirrup is the human body's smallest bone.RECALL
    Stapes

    A tiny bone in the middle ear

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  47. 47This thigh bone is the human body's longest bone.RECALL
  48. 48This bone forms the lower jaw.RECALL
    Mandible

    It is the largest facial bone

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  49. 49This tough connective tissue links bone to bone at a joint.RECALL
    Ligament

    Ligaments stabilize joints

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  50. 50This connective tissue attaches muscle to bone.RECALL
    Tendon

    Tendons transmit muscle force

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  51. 51This smooth tissue covers bone ends at a synovial joint, reducing friction.RECALL
    Articular cartilage

    It covers the ends of bones

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  52. 52This pigment supplies much of the colour in human skin, hair and eyes.RECALL
    Melanin

    It also helps absorb ultraviolet radiation

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  53. 53These projections at the boundary between dermis and epidermis help form fingerprint ridges.RECALL
    Dermal papillae

    Their patterns form before birth

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  54. 54This valve lies between the left atrium and ventricle.RECALL
    Mitral valve

    Also called the bicuspid valve

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  55. 55This gland controls much of the body's metabolism.RECALL
    Thyroid

    It produces thyroid hormones

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  56. 56This joint type allows the shoulder to move in many directions around a rounded bone end.RECALL
    Ball-and-socket joint

    It permits movement in many directions

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  57. 57This gland helps mature T cells.RECALL
    Thymus

    It is active in childhood

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  58. 58Human core body temperature · commonly quoted average, in degrees CelsiusRECALL
    37 °C

    Normal values vary around this figure

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  59. 59This cartilage flap helps cover the airway during swallowing.RECALL
    Epiglottis

    It folds over the larynx when swallowing

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